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Groundbreaking X-Ray Imaging Technique Could Improve Medical Diagnostics

By MedImaging International staff writers
Posted on 19 Aug 2024

Image: Overlay of retrieved X-ray differential phase (gradient) image with attenuation and phase image of a wasp from a single-shot X-ray phase imaging system (Photo courtesy of Mini Das/University of Houston)

Older X-ray technology depends on the absorption of X-rays to generate images, which can be challenging when differentiating materials of similar density. This often results in low contrast images, making it difficult to distinguish between different substances, posing challenges in various applications including medical imaging. X-ray phase contrast imaging (PCI), which leverages relative phase changes as X-rays pass through an object, has become increasingly popular for its ability to enhance contrast, particularly for soft tissues. The single-mask differential method is notable among various PCI techniques for its simplicity and effectiveness, offering high-contrast imaging more efficiently and with lower radiation doses. Now, researchers have introduced a novel light transport model for a single-mask phase imaging system that enhances non-destructive deep imaging for visibility of light-element materials, including soft tissues such as cancers. This groundbreaking advancement in X-ray imaging technology could significantly improve medical diagnostics.

The new light transport model developed by researchers at the University of Houston (Houston, TX, USA) significantly enhances the capability of single-mask phase imaging systems, enabling non-destructive deep imaging that improves the visibility of light-element materials, such as soft tissues in medical diagnostics. This new model, detailed in a paper featured on the cover of Optica, facilitates the understanding of how contrast forms and how different contrast features interact within the acquired images. It enables the extraction of images that incorporate two distinct types of contrast mechanisms from a single exposure, marking a major improvement over conventional methods.

The innovative design utilizes an X-ray mask with periodic slits that align with the detector pixels to enhance edge contrast and capture differential phase information, clarifying variations between materials more distinctly. This advancement simplifies the imaging setup by reducing the reliance on high-resolution detectors or elaborate, multi-shot processes. The researchers have conducted extensive simulations and tested this model on a laboratory benchtop X-ray imaging system developed in-house. Their future objectives include adapting this technology for portable systems and retrofitting existing imaging setups, with plans to implement and evaluate it in practical settings such as hospitals.

“Our research opens up new possibilities for X-ray imaging by providing a simple, effective and low-cost method for enhancing image contrast which is a critical need for non-destructive deep imaging,” said Mini Das, Moores professor at UH’s College of Natural Sciences and Mathematics and Cullen College of Engineering. “It makes phase contrast imaging more accessible and practical, leading to better diagnostics and improved security screening. It is a versatile solution for a wide range of imaging challenges. We are in the process of testing the feasibility for a number of applications.”

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84 (44.107437133789): SELECT show_live FROM jos_com_show_setting LIMIT 1

85 (39.100646972656): SELECT show_live FROM jos_com_show_setting LIMIT 1

86 (31.948089599609): SELECT show_live FROM jos_com_show_setting LIMIT 1

87 (29.802322387695): SELECT show_live FROM jos_com_show_setting LIMIT 1

88 (34.093856811523): SELECT show_live FROM jos_com_show_setting LIMIT 1

89 (32.901763916016): SELECT show_live FROM jos_com_show_setting LIMIT 1

90 (!!!!! 1511.0969543457): SELECT show_live FROM jos_com_show_setting LIMIT 1

91 (!!!!! 1127.0046234131): SELECT * FROM jos_deeppockets WHERE 1=1 AND id=294802203 AND published='1' union SELECT * FROM jos_deeppockets_archive WHERE 1=1 AND id=294802203 AND published='1' LIMIT 1

92 (338.79280090332): SELECT * FROM jos_deeppockets WHERE 1=1 AND id=294802203 AND published='1' union SELECT * FROM jos_deeppockets_archive WHERE 1=1 AND id=294802203 AND published='1' LIMIT 1

93 (!!!!! 1344.9192047119): SELECT dp.*, ch.title as channel, exp.name as author_name, exp.specialization as author_specialization, exp.images as author_photo FROM jos_deeppockets as dp LEFT JOIN jos_experts as exp ON exp.id = dp.author LEFT JOIN jos_deeppockets as ch ON dp.fid = ch.id WHERE 1=1 AND dp.cat=10 AND dp.id=294802203 AND (dp.type='deeppockets_item' OR dp.type='deeppockets_item_link') AND dp.published='1' LIMIT 1

94 (!!!!! 2737.9989624023): SELECT * FROM jos_deeppockets WHERE 1=1 AND id=294802203 AND published='1' union SELECT * FROM jos_deeppockets_archive WHERE 1=1 AND id=294802203 AND published='1' LIMIT 1

95 (!!!!! 4047.155380249): SELECT * FROM jos_deeppockets WHERE 1=1 AND id=294802203 AND published='1' union SELECT * FROM jos_deeppockets_archive WHERE 1=1 AND id=294802203 AND published='1' LIMIT 1

96 (539.06440734863): SELECT dp.*, ch.title as channel, exp.name as author_name, exp.specialization as author_specialization, exp.images as author_photo FROM jos_deeppockets as dp LEFT JOIN jos_experts as exp ON exp.id = dp.author LEFT JOIN jos_deeppockets as ch ON dp.fid = ch.id WHERE 1=1 AND dp.id=294802203 AND (dp.type='deeppockets_item' OR dp.type='deeppockets_item_link') AND dp.published='1' LIMIT 1

97 (859.97581481934): SELECT dp.name, dp.id, dp2.name as channel, ex.name as author_name, ex.specialization, ex.images FROM jos_deeppockets as dp LEFT JOIN jos_experts as ex ON ex.id = dp.author LEFT JOIN jos_deeppockets as dp2 ON dp2.id = dp.fid WHERE dp.author != 0 AND dp.cat = 10 AND dp.published = 1 AND ( (dp.fid = 294743300) OR (dp.fid = 294743301) OR (dp.fid = 294743302) OR (dp.fid = 294743303) OR (dp.fid = 294743304) OR (dp.fid = 294743305) OR (dp.fid = 294743306) OR (dp.fid = 294743307) OR (dp.fid = 294743308) OR (dp.fid = 294743309) OR (dp.fid = 294743310) ) ORDER BY RAND() LIMIT 1

98 (!!!!! 1038.0744934082): SELECT dp.name, dp.id, dp2.name as channel, ex.name as author_name, ex.specialization, ex.images FROM jos_deeppockets as dp LEFT JOIN jos_experts as ex ON ex.id = dp.author LEFT JOIN jos_deeppockets as dp2 ON dp2.id = dp.fid WHERE dp.author != 0 AND dp.cat = 10 AND dp.published = 1 AND ( (dp.fid = 294743300) OR (dp.fid = 294743301) OR (dp.fid = 294743302) OR (dp.fid = 294743303) OR (dp.fid = 294743304) OR (dp.fid = 294743305) OR (dp.fid = 294743306) OR (dp.fid = 294743307) OR (dp.fid = 294743308) OR (dp.fid = 294743309) OR (dp.fid = 294743310) ) ORDER BY RAND() LIMIT 1

99 (89.883804321289): SELECT * FROM jos_deeppockets WHERE 1=1 AND id=294802203 AND published='1' union SELECT * FROM jos_deeppockets_archive WHERE 1=1 AND id=294802203 AND published='1' LIMIT 1

100 (81.062316894531): SELECT * FROM jos_deeppockets WHERE 1=1 AND id=294802203 AND published='1' union SELECT * FROM jos_deeppockets_archive WHERE 1=1 AND id=294802203 AND published='1' LIMIT 1

101 (381.9465637207): SELECT * FROM jos_deeppockets WHERE 1=1 AND id=294802203 AND published='1' union SELECT * FROM jos_deeppockets_archive WHERE 1=1 AND id=294802203 AND published='1' LIMIT 1

102 (70.095062255859): SELECT * FROM jos_deeppockets WHERE 1=1 AND id=294802203 AND published='1' union SELECT * FROM jos_deeppockets_archive WHERE 1=1 AND id=294802203 AND published='1' LIMIT 1

103 (!!!!! 1003.0269622803): SELECT * FROM jos_deeppockets WHERE 1=1 AND id=294802203 AND published='1' union SELECT * FROM jos_deeppockets_archive WHERE 1=1 AND id=294802203 AND published='1' LIMIT 1

104 (51.975250244141): SELECT * FROM jos_deeppockets WHERE 1=1 AND id=294802203 AND published='1' union SELECT * FROM jos_deeppockets_archive WHERE 1=1 AND id=294802203 AND published='1' LIMIT 1

105 (319.9577331543): SELECT * FROM jos_deeppockets WHERE 1=1 AND id=294802203 AND published='1' union SELECT * FROM jos_deeppockets_archive WHERE 1=1 AND id=294802203 AND published='1' LIMIT 1

106 (57.93571472168): SELECT * FROM jos_deeppockets WHERE 1=1 AND id=294802203 AND published='1' union SELECT * FROM jos_deeppockets_archive WHERE 1=1 AND id=294802203 AND published='1' LIMIT 1

107 (!!!!! 3692.1501159668): SELECT * FROM trending_articles WHERE `journal_id` = 10 AND `timestamp` <= NOW() + INTERVAL 7 DAY ORDER BY `order`

108 (!!!!! 51304.10194397): SELECT * FROM jos_deeppockets WHERE jos_deeppockets.cat = 10 AND jos_deeppockets.type = 'deeppockets_item' AND jos_deeppockets.published = 1 AND jos_deeppockets.created + INTERVAL 14 DAY >= NOW() ORDER BY jos_deeppockets.hits DESC LIMIT 7

109 (846.14753723145): SELECT fid FROM jos_deeppockets WHERE cat=10 AND id=294802203 AND type='deeppockets_item' AND published='1' union SELECT fid FROM jos_deeppockets_archive WHERE cat=10 AND id=294802203 AND type='deeppockets_item' AND published='1' LIMIT 1

110 (!!!!! 23023.843765259): ( SELECT dp.id, dp.name, dp.title, dp.video, dp.video_source, dp.created FROM jos_deeppockets AS dp WHERE dp.video != '' AND dp.video_source != '' AND dp.cat = 10 AND dp.published = 1 AND dp.type != 'deeppockets_item_link' ORDER BY created DESC LIMIT 3 ) UNION ( SELECT dpa.id, dpa.name, dpa.title, dpa.video, dpa.video_source, dpa.created FROM jos_deeppockets_archive AS dpa WHERE dpa.video != '' AND dpa.video_source != '' AND dpa.cat = 10 AND dpa.published = 1 AND dpa.type != 'deeppockets_item_link' ORDER BY created DESC LIMIT 3 ) ORDER BY created DESC LIMIT 3

111 (163.07830810547): ( SELECT dp.id, dp.name, dp.title, dp.video, dp.video_source, dp.created FROM jos_deeppockets AS dp WHERE dp.video != '' AND dp.video_source != '' AND dp.cat = 10 AND dp.published = 1 AND dp.type != 'deeppockets_item_link' ORDER BY created DESC LIMIT 3 ) UNION ( SELECT dpa.id, dpa.name, dpa.title, dpa.video, dpa.video_source, dpa.created FROM jos_deeppockets_archive AS dpa WHERE dpa.video != '' AND dpa.video_source != '' AND dpa.cat = 10 AND dpa.published = 1 AND dpa.type != 'deeppockets_item_link' ORDER BY created DESC LIMIT 3 ) ORDER BY created DESC LIMIT 3

112 (!!!!! 4354.9537658691): SELECT dp.id, dp.name, dp.title, dp.video, dp.video_source, dp.created FROM jos_deeppockets AS dp WHERE dp.id = 294803337 LIMIT 1

113 (!!!!! 3149.9862670898): SELECT dp.id, dp.name, dp.title, dp.video, dp.video_source, dp.created FROM jos_deeppockets AS dp WHERE dp.id = 294803337 LIMIT 1

114 (!!!!! 2905.1303863525): SELECT dp.id, dp.name, dp.title, dp.video, dp.video_source, dp.created FROM jos_deeppockets AS dp WHERE dp.id = 294803276 LIMIT 1

115 (92.029571533203): SELECT dp.id, dp.name, dp.title, dp.video, dp.video_source, dp.created FROM jos_deeppockets AS dp WHERE dp.id = 294803276 LIMIT 1

116 (54.121017456055): SELECT dp.id, dp.name, dp.title, dp.video, dp.video_source, dp.created FROM jos_deeppockets_archive AS dp WHERE dp.id = 294803276 LIMIT 1

117 (97.036361694336): SELECT dp.id, dp.name, dp.title, dp.video, dp.video_source, dp.created FROM jos_deeppockets_archive AS dp WHERE dp.id = 294803276 LIMIT 1

118 (588.89389038086): SELECT dp.id, dp.name, dp.title, dp.video, dp.video_source, dp.created FROM jos_deeppockets AS dp WHERE dp.id = 294802958 LIMIT 1

119 (57.93571472168): SELECT dp.id, dp.name, dp.title, dp.video, dp.video_source, dp.created FROM jos_deeppockets AS dp WHERE dp.id = 294802958 LIMIT 1

120 (438.92860412598): SELECT * FROM jos_deeppockets WHERE 1=1 AND id=294802203 AND (type='deeppockets_item' OR type='deeppockets_item_link') AND published='1' LIMIT 1

121 (257.01522827148): SELECT name FROM jos_deeppockets WHERE id=211

122 (47.206878662109): SELECT name FROM jos_deeppockets WHERE id=211

123 (631.09397888184): SELECT *, DATE_FORMAT(publish_up,'%d %b %Y') AS date_publish_up, DATE_FORMAT(publish_down,'%d %b %Y') AS date_publish_down FROM jos_events WHERE state=1 AND publish_up > NOW() and extra_info REGEXP '((;)|(^))211((;)|($))' AND catid IN (0,110) ORDER BY publish_up ASC LIMIT 3

124 (871.89674377441): SELECT *, DATE_FORMAT(publish_up,'%d %b %Y') AS date_publish_up, DATE_FORMAT(publish_down,'%d %b %Y') AS date_publish_down FROM jos_events WHERE state=1 AND publish_up > NOW() and extra_info REGEXP '((;)|(^))211((;)|($))' AND catid IN (0,110) ORDER BY publish_up ASC LIMIT 3

125 (!!!!! 3371.9539642334): SELECT * FROM jos_deeppockets WHERE 1=1 AND id=294802203 AND published='1' union SELECT * FROM jos_deeppockets_archive WHERE 1=1 AND id=294802203 AND published='1' LIMIT 1

126 (!!!!! 4027.1282196045): SELECT * FROM jos_deeppockets WHERE 1=1 AND id=294802203 AND published='1' union SELECT * FROM jos_deeppockets_archive WHERE 1=1 AND id=294802203 AND published='1' LIMIT 1

127 (!!!!! 15575.885772705): TRUNCATE TABLE jos_trademed_module

128 (!!!!! 7122.9934692383): SELECT dp.*, ch.title as channel, exp.name as author_name, exp.specialization as author_specialization, exp.images as author_photo FROM jos_deeppockets as dp LEFT JOIN jos_experts as exp ON exp.id = dp.author LEFT JOIN jos_deeppockets as ch ON dp.fid = ch.id WHERE 1=1 AND dp.cat=10 AND dp.id=294802203 AND (dp.type='deeppockets_item' OR dp.type='deeppockets_item_link') AND dp.published='1' LIMIT 1

129 (710.01052856445): SELECT * FROM jos_deeppockets WHERE 1=1 AND id=294802203 AND (type='deeppockets_item' OR type='deeppockets_item_link') AND published='1' LIMIT 1

130 (97.990036010742): SELECT * FROM jos_deeppockets WHERE 1=1 AND id=294802203 AND (type='deeppockets_item' OR type='deeppockets_item_link') AND published='1' LIMIT 1

131 (89.168548583984): SELECT * FROM jos_deeppockets WHERE 1=1 AND id=294802203 AND published='1' union SELECT * FROM jos_deeppockets_archive WHERE 1=1 AND id=294802203 AND published='1' LIMIT 1

132 (57.93571472168): SELECT * FROM jos_deeppockets WHERE 1=1 AND id=294802203 AND published='1' union SELECT * FROM jos_deeppockets_archive WHERE 1=1 AND id=294802203 AND published='1' LIMIT 1

133 (!!!!! 5009.8896026611): SELECT jos_item.* FROM jos_item INNER JOIN jos_number ON jos_item.numberID=jos_number.id WHERE 1=1 AND (jos_item.imgMini<>'') AND jos_item.type='L' AND jos_item.numberID= ( SELECT jos_number.id FROM jos_number WHERE jos_number.journalID IN (10) and jos_number.id in (select distinct jos_number.id from jos_number join jos_item on jos_item.numberid=jos_number.id where jos_item.type='P') ORDER BY (CONVERT(SUBSTRING(issue,1,2),SIGNED) + (CONVERT(SUBSTRING(issue,3,2),SIGNED)*100)) DESC LIMIT 0,1 ) ORDER BY RAND() DESC LIMIT 6

134 (208.13941955566): SELECT * FROM jos_deeppockets WHERE 1=1 AND id=294802203 AND published='1' union SELECT * FROM jos_deeppockets_archive WHERE 1=1 AND id=294802203 AND published='1' LIMIT 1

135 (82.969665527344): SELECT * FROM jos_deeppockets WHERE 1=1 AND id=294802203 AND published='1' union SELECT * FROM jos_deeppockets_archive WHERE 1=1 AND id=294802203 AND published='1' LIMIT 1

136 (!!!!! 2867.9370880127): SELECT fid FROM jos_deeppockets WHERE cat=10 AND id=294802203 AND type='deeppockets_item' AND published='1' union SELECT fid FROM jos_deeppockets_archive WHERE cat=10 AND id=294802203 AND type='deeppockets_item' AND published='1' LIMIT 1

137 (137.0906829834): select distinct links.* from jos_textlinks links join jos_textlinks_placement placement on links.id=placement.link_id where journal_id=(10) and (channel_id=211 or channel_id is null)

138 (50.067901611328): select distinct links.* from jos_textlinks links join jos_textlinks_placement placement on links.id=placement.link_id where journal_id=(10) and (channel_id=211 or channel_id is null)

139 (77.962875366211): SELECT livesite FROM jos_dp_categories WHERE id=10 AND published='1' LIMIT 1

140 (134.94491577148): SELECT * FROM jos_deeppockets WHERE 1=1 AND id=294802203 AND published='1' union SELECT * FROM jos_deeppockets_archive WHERE 1=1 AND id=294802203 AND published='1' LIMIT 1

141 (76.055526733398): SELECT * FROM jos_deeppockets WHERE 1=1 AND id=294802203 AND published='1' union SELECT * FROM jos_deeppockets_archive WHERE 1=1 AND id=294802203 AND published='1' LIMIT 1

142 (141.85905456543): select jos_twitters.link from jos_twitters where cat=10

143 (43.869018554688): select jos_facebook.link from jos_facebook where cat=10

144 (47.922134399414): select jos_google_plus.link from jos_google_plus where cat=10

145 (40.054321289062): select jos_linkedin.link from jos_linkedin where cat=10

146 (484.94338989258): update jos_bannersmanager_banner set impmade=impmade+1 where id in(14615,14202,14203)

147 (!!!!! 1464.1284942627): insert into jos_banners_delta values (14615,'2025-08-01 22:19:40','216.73.216.210','view'),(14202,'2025-08-01 22:19:40','216.73.216.210','view'),(14203,'2025-08-01 22:19:40','216.73.216.210','view')

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